Sea sponges in the sea are remarkable creatures that have served nature—and humans—for millions of years. Found in oceans around the world, these simple yet highly efficient animals belong to the phylum Porifera and come in a variety of shapes, textures, and colors. Beyond their role in marine ecosystems, natural sea sponges have been used by humans for bathing, skincare, and even menstrual hygiene. Let’s dive into the types of sea sponges and how they are harvested and used today.
Types of Sea Sponges in the Ocean
There are over 9,000 known species of sea sponges, classified mainly into three groups:
Demosponges (Class: Demospongiae): The most common type, making up over 90% of all sponge species. They have a soft, fibrous skeleton made of spongin and are typically used for household and personal care. Popular species include the Honeycomb sponge and Wool sponge, prized for their softness and durability.
Calcareous Sponges (Class: Calcarea): These sponges have skeletons made of calcium carbonate and are generally small and found in shallow marine environments. They are not commonly used commercially.
Glass Sponges (Class: Hexactinellida): Found in deep waters, these sponges have a silica-based skeleton that looks like delicate glass. Although beautiful, they are too fragile for commercial use.
Each type plays an important role in its ecosystem, filtering water, cycling nutrients, and offering shelter to small marine life.
Menstrual Sea Sponges
Natural sea sponges have been used for centuries as a form of menstrual hygiene. Known as menstrual sea sponges, these are harvested, cleaned, and shaped into soft, absorbent forms that can be inserted vaginally. Women seeking a more natural, reusable alternative to tampons and menstrual cups often turn to these sponges.
They are biodegradable, chemical-free, and can last several cycles with proper care. However, users should always ensure sponges are thoroughly cleaned between uses, and it’s advised to consult healthcare providers before using them, as they are not regulated as medical devices in most countries.
Sea Sponges for Bathing
Bathing sponges, especially those from the Mediterranean and Caribbean, are highly valued for their gentle, luxurious feel. These are typically Wool sponges, known for their softness, and Yellow sponges, which are slightly firmer but excellent for exfoliation. Natural sea sponges are hypoallergenic, resist bacteria better than synthetic sponges, and are incredibly absorbent.
When harvested sustainably, these sponges can regenerate, making them an eco-friendly choice. Skilled divers carefully cut the sponge above the base to ensure it regrows, allowing the marine population to stay healthy.
A Natural Legacy
Whether living in the deep sea or sitting on a bathroom shelf, sea sponges continue to connect the natural world with human care and wellness. From marine biodiversity to personal hygiene, these ancient creatures offer benefits that go far beyond their modest appearance.
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